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Why Christian Louboutin’s Red Sole Became a Trademark—And Why Some Countries Said No: A Deep Dive into Color Mark Doctrine

The Polish Bottle and the Neon Light: The Origin Story of an IconIn 1992, Christian Louboutin stood in his Paris atelier...
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Tesla’s Patent Pledge Decoded: How One Company Weaponized Open Innovation in the Self-Driving Era

The Shot Heard Around IP: June 12, 2014On June 12, 2014, Elon Musk published a blog post titled "All Our Patent Are Belo...
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Louis Vuitton Monogram: How a Pattern Became the World’s Most Protected (and Most Counterfeited) Design

Louis Vuitton Monogram: How a Pattern Became the World's Most Protected (and Most Counterfeited) DesignIn 1896, a decisi...
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Champagne and the Art of Legal Protection: How One Region Secured the World’s Most Valuable Geographical Indication

Champagne and the Art of Legal Protection: How One Region Secured the World's Most Valuable Geographical Indication Cham...
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Why Copycat Bricks Cannot Dominate After LEGO Patent Expired

Introduction: What Happens After a Patent ExpiresThe fundamental patent protecting the LEGO brick interlocking system wa...
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Pharmaceutical Patents and Generic Drugs: From the Hatch-Waxman Act to the TRIPS Agreement

Introduction: Why Pharmaceutical Patents Are Unlike Any OtherDeveloping a single new drug takes an average of 10 to 15 y...
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How Nintendo’s D-Pad Patent (US 4,687,200) Dominated the Game Industry for 20 Years: A Complete Claim Analysis

Every time you tap a D-pad — on a Nintendo Switch, a PlayStation controller, or a TV remote — you’re interacting with a ...
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How Spotify Pays Artists: Copyright, Neighboring Rights, and the Royalty System Explained

Every time you stream a song on Spotify, a financial transaction takes place in the background — but the mechanics of th...
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USPTO’s March 2026 Design Patent Guidance: AR, VR, Holograms, and Projections Are Now Protectable

On March 13, 2026, the United States Patent and Trademark Office published what is arguably the most significant update ...
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Why Coca-Cola’s Bottle Shape Is a Registered Trademark — The History Behind the Iconic Contour

Most people know that logos and brand names can be trademarked. But what about the shape of a bottle?Today I'm investiga...